The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Military History (IGHMB) is a civil, cultural, and scientific association dedicated to promoting studies in geography, military history, strategy, and geopolitics, as well as encouraging and promoting civic recognition of figures, acts, and glorious events in Brazilian history. A private, non-profit legal entity, the Institute is not subordinate to the Ministry of Defense or any cultural, military, civil, or official body. It does not tolerate any type of discrimination based on race, color, sex, religious belief, or political opinion.

Its objectives are:

- Keep the national memory alive regarding figures, acts and facts of our Military History;
- Carry out research, studies and investigations into historical facts, figures and episodes, aiming at their better clarification;
- Keep its members up to date with national and international circumstances, the evolution of strategic thinking and real or potential threats, all within the area of knowledge of its activity;
- Encourage the study of Geography, Military History, Strategy and Geopolitics in military and civilian higher education institutions, at undergraduate and postgraduate levels.

The IGHMB was created at a formal meeting of the Military Club. The fruit of the idealism of intellectual officers from the Navy and Army, it arose on the initiative of Captain Severino Sombra de Albuquerque. In 1941, it gained the support of the newly created Brazilian Air Force and, over time, civilians and military personnel from the Auxiliary Forces. It began as the "Brazilian Military Society of History and Geography," a name soon changed to the "Institute of Geography and Military History of Brazil." It began full operations on April 20, 1937, remaining at the same location (Rio Branco Avenue) until 1941.

- From 1941 to 1946, it was installed next to the Brazilian Historical and Geographical Institute (IHGB), in the former "Silogeu Brasileiro".
- From 1946 to 1970, it was housed in the Military Library (today the Army Library), in the Duque de Caxias Palace (PDC - Marcílio Dias Wing).
- From 1970 to 1974, it occupied the Monroe Palace (in Cinelândia square), next to the now-defunct Armed Forces General Staff (EMFA).
- In 1974, he returned to the IHGB, now in its new headquarters, built on the same site as the demolished Silogeu (Avenida Augusto Severo, corner of Rua Teixeira de Freitas). He remained there until 1976.
- In 1976, it returned to the PDC, on the 18th floor, attached to the EMFA. In 1977, it moved to the 12th floor, occupying the space until 1996.
- From 1998 to 2019, it occupied the second floor of the Casa Histórica de Deodoro (CHD), in the old Campo de Santana, from where Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca left to proclaim the Republic in 1889.
- In 2020, it moved to its current facilities, next to the Military Club, its headquarters.